Carbene analogues and onium compounds

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carbene analogues:

The electrically neutral mononuclear hydrides of group 14 having two non-bonding electrons, the electrically neutral mononuclear hydrides of group 15 having four non-bonding electrons, and also the compound HB:. The names of a number of these, formed according to RNRI Rules RC-81.1.3.1, RC-81.1.3.2, are shown below. These names are entries in this Glossary.

RB: boranylidenes
RN: nitrenes
R2Si: silylenes
RP: phosphanylidenes
R2Ge: germylidenes
RAs: arsanylidenes
R2Sn: stannylidenes
RSb: stibanylidenes
R2Pb: plumbylidenes

Note that if R = H, these compounds are parent hydrides; derivatives formed by substitution are named accordingly. However, if the substituent's first atom, bearing the free valence, is of the same element as the atom of the carbene analogue, other parent compounds may be required (see carbenes), E.g. HN: nitrene; CH3N: methylnitrene; H2NN: diazanylidene (synonym isodiazene, not aminonitrene).

onium compounds:*

1. Cations (with their counterions) derived by addition of a hydron to a mononuclear parent hydride of the nitrogen, chalcogen and halogen families. NOC Rules C-82.1, D-5.33.

H4N+ ammonium
H4P+ phosphonium
H4As+ arsonium
H4Sb+ stibonium
H4Bi+ bismuthonium
H3O+ oxonium
H3S+ sulfonium
H3Se+ selenonium
H3Te+ telluronium
H2F+ fluoronium
H2Cl+ chloronium
H2Br+ bromonium
H2I+ iodonium

See main version for part 2.
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